Original Article
Correlation of Serum Prostate Specific Antigen and Gleason Grade with Bone Metastases in Patients with Prostate Cancer; An Experience at a Tertiary Care Hospital
Abstract
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Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most frequent cancer in the world and its incidence in Asian countries is on the rise. A lot of research work has been done in the Western world for the better understanding and treatment of the disease but the Western data may not be relevant to the data from Asian countries.
Objective: To find out the association of serum prostate-specific antigen level and Gleason grade to the incidence of positive bone scan disease in our prostate cancer patient population.
Methods: A four-year retrospective study that comprised 32 Prostate cancer (PCa) patients who were seen at The Indus Hospital and Health Network (IHHN) from October 2017 to December 2021. Recorded data were serum PSA value, histopathological examination of prostate tissue, and bone scan results. Histopathological examination of PCa was confirmed on biopsy with well-documented Gleason grade groups and scores.
Results: Thirty-two patients with prostate cancer with a median age of 72.5 years (68-76.7), median PSA was 74 (12.4-100) ng/mL, and median GS was 9 (7-9) were included. Patients were segregated into four groups following their serum PSA levels ranging from ≤10 ng/ml (n=7; 21.8%), >10-≤20 ng/ml (n=4; 12.5%), > 20-≤100 ng/ml (n=14; 43.7%) and >100 ng/ml (n=7; 21.8%). Levels of PSA showed a significant association with BM (p=0.002). Similarly, in cancers with low Gleason grade, no bone metastasis was found (p=0.02).
Conclusion: Raised PSA and high Gleason grade are associated with increased occurrence of bone metastasis in patients with carcinoma of the prostate and can be used as predictors of disease severity and progression.
- Keywords: Prostate specific antigen, bone metastasis, Core Needle Biopsy, Gleason grade,Prostate cancer
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